The determinants of early breast cancer detection via breast self-examination (BSE) in Denpasar, Bali
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53638/phpma.2018.v6.i1.p07Keywords:
Breast cancer, breast self-examination (BSE), BaliAbstract
Background and purpose: Breast cancer is the leading cause of death in females, followed by colorectal cancer. Early detection of breast cancer can be done through breast self-examination (BSE). BSE behaviour is influenced by an individual’s level of knowledge and perceptions of the procedure. This study examines the determinants of BSE behaviour in married women aged 15-49 in six villages in the working area of Puskesmas (public health centre) II in West Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey was employed with 180 respondents selected by multistage random sampling. Data were collected using standardised questionnaire carried out from November-December 2016. Multiple poisson regression was used to identify the determinants of the BSE behaviours.
Results: The proportion of respondents who performed BSE in the three months prior to interview is 55.6%, and, of these, 50.0% reported performing BSE regularly. Multivariate analysis shows the significant determinants of BSE are: high-school and above (APR=2.03; 95%CI:1.41 to 2.92); having a good knowledge of BSE (APR=1.41; 95%CI:1.09 to 1.82); perceived benefits (APR=2, 24; 95%CI:1.53-3.29); perceived low barrier (APR=1.63; 95%CI: 1.16-2.29); and high self-efficacy (APR=1.50;95%CI:1.16-1.95).
Conclusions: Level of education, good knowledge of BSE, perceived benefits, perceived low barriers, and high level of self-efficacy are the significant determinants of BSE practice. These findings suggest that education on BSE should be enhanced, particularly for women with lower levels of education.
References
International Agency for Research on Cancer. GLOBOCAN 2012: Estimated cancer incidence, mortality, and prevalence worldwide in 2012. IARC. France. 2012. Available at: http://globocan.iarc.fr/Pages/fact_sheets_population.aspx (2012).
Ministry of Health of Indonesia. Riset Kesehatan Dasar 203 (The 2013 Indonesia Basic Health Research). Jakarta. Ministry of Health of Indonesia. 2014.
Bali Provincial Health Office. Laporan surveilans terpadu penyakit berbasis rumah sakit sentinel (kasus baru) (Integrated sentinel hospital based surveillance report of diseases). Denpasar. Bali Provincial Health Office. 2014.
Indira. Ca Mammae (kanker payudara) (Breast cancer). Jakarta: Nuha Medika; 2010.
Nurcahyo, J. Awas bahaya kanker rahim dan kanker payudara (The impacts of cervical and breast cancers). Yogyakarta: Wahana Totalita Publisher; 2010.
Ministry of Health of Indonesia. Deteksi dini kanker payudara dengan SADARI dan SADANIS. (Early detection of brast cancer by breast self and clinical examinations). Jakarta. Ministry of Health of Indonesia. 2016. Available at: http://www.p2ptm.kemkes.go.id/kegiatan-p2ptm/dki-jakarta/deteksi-dini-kanker-payudara-dengan-sadari-dan-sadanis.
Hartaningsih NMD, Sudarsa IW. Kanker payudara pada wanita usia muda di bagian bedah onkologi Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Sanglah Denpasar tahun 2002–2012 (Breast cancer among young women at the Department of Oncology, Sanglah General Hospital Denpasar, 2002-2012). E-Jurnal Medika Udayana. 2014; 3(6):1-13.
Rossalia N, Manuaba I. Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan keterlambatan pengobatan pada penderita kanker payudara di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat (RSUP) Sanglah (Factors associated with the late treatment among breast cancer patients at Sanglah General Hospital). Denpasar. E-Jurnal Medika Udayana. 2016; 5(12):1-7.
Dyanti G, Suariyani N.L.P. Faktor-faktor keterlambatan penderita kanker payudara dalam melakukan pemeriksaan awal ke pelayanan kesehatan (Factors associated with tha late detection of breast cancer at health services). Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat. 2016; 2(11):97-104.
Handayani, D.S. Hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap dengan perilaku para wanita dewasa awal dalam melakukan pemeriksaan payudara sendiri di Kelurahan Kalangan Kecamatan Pedan Klaten tahun 2008 [skripsi] (The association between knowledge and attitude with behavior of young adult women in breast self examination at Kalangan, Pedan Klaten Sub-District 2008 (undergraduate thesis)). Semarang: Universitas Diponegoro; 2008.
Wu CL and T-Y. The impact of breast cancer educational workshop on knowledge and breast self-examination practice among Korean-American Women. Journal of Nursing and Care 2004; 3(4):176
Desanti, I.M, Supriyati OI. Persepsi wanita berisiko kanker payudara tentang pemeriksaan payudara sendiri di Kota Semarang, Jawa Tengah (The perception of women with a high risk of breast cancer on breast self examination at Semarang City, Central Java). Jurnal Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat 2010; 26: 152.
Noroozi A, Jomand T, Tahmasebi R. Determinants of breast self-examination performance among Iranian women: an application of the health belief model . Journal of Cancer Education 2011; 26(2): 365–374.
Utari S, Anjarwati A. Pengaruh penyuluhan tentang deteksi dini kanker payudara terhadap keterampilan SADARI pada wanita usia subur di Dusun Klumprit Caturharjo Sleman [thesis] (The impact of early detection of breast cancer education on the skills of breast self examination among reproductive aged women in Klumprit Caturharjo Sleman (thesis)). Yogyakarta: Universitas Yogyakarta; 2012.
Champion V. Instrument refinement for breast cancer screening behaviors. Nursing Research. 1993; 42: 139–143.
Minsitry of Health of Indonesia. Buku saku pencegahan kanker leher rahim dan kanker payudara (Pocket book of cervical and breast cancers prevention). Jakarta: Ministry of Health of Indonesia; 2009.
Kurniawati, D. Hubungan pendidikan, pengetahuan dan sikap wanita usia subur (WUS) dengan pemeriksaan payudara sendiri (SADARI) di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Dara Juanti Kabupaten Sintang (The association between education, knowledge and attitude of reproductive aged women with breast self examination in Dara Juanti Public Health Center working area, Sintang District). Journal Stikes Kapuasraya. 2014; 1(2):15-27
Ekanita P, Khosidah A. Hubungan antara pengetahuan dan sikap WUS terhadap perilaku pemeriksaan payudara sendiri (SADARI) (The association between knowledge and attitude of reproductive aged women with breast self examination). Jurnal Publikasi Kebidanan. 2013; 4(2):167-177.
Handayani E. Hubungan pengetahuan dan riwayat penyakit keluarga dengan perilaku pemeriksaan payudara sendiri (SADARI) pada mahasiswi di Akademi Kebidanan Banua Bina Husada Banjarbaru Kalimantan Selatan Tahun 2016 (The association between knowledge and the family history of cancer with breast self examination among female students at the Midwifery Academy of Banua Bina Husada Banjarbaru South Kalimantan, 2016). Jurkessia. 2016; 4(3):40-45.
Karo, H. Analisa perilaku wanita usia diatas 20 tahun terhadap SADARI di lingkungan Kp. Baru Desa Cinta rakyat Kecamatan Merdeka Kabupaten Karo tahun 2014 [thesis] (Analysis of breast self examination among women over 20 years old in Baru Sub-Village, Cinta Rakyat Village, Merdeka Sub-District, Karo District, 2014 (thesis)). Medan: Universitas Sumatera Utara; 2014.
Dündar PE, Özmen D, Öztürk B, et al. The knowledge and attitudes of breast self-examination and mammography in a group of women in a rural area in Western Turkey. BMC Cancer 2006; 6: 43.
Rosenstock, I.M, Strecher, V.J., Becker M.H. Social Learning Theory and The Health Belief Model. Health, Education&Behaviour. 1974; 15 (2): 175–183.
Glanz, K., Rimer, B.K. & Lewis, F.M. 2002. Health behavior and health education. Theory, research and practice. San Francisco: Wiley & sons.
Fung SY. Factors associated with breast self-examination behaviour among Chinese woman in Hong Kong. Patient Education and Counseling 1998; 33: 233–243.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Ni Made Ari Febriyanti, Dinar Lubis, Dewa Nyoman Wirawan, Ni Luh Putu Suariyani, Mangku Karmaya
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
**Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0)**
*Welcome to the world of open collaboration and shared creativity! The Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0) empowers creators to share their work with the world while maintaining certain rights.*
**Key Points:**
1. **Freedom to Share:** CC BY 4.0 allows creators to share their work globally, granting others the freedom to use, remix, and build upon it.
2. **Attribution Requirement:** Users can use the work for any purpose, even commercially, as long as they provide appropriate credit to the original creator.
3. **Flexibility:** Applicable to various content types—text, images, music, videos—the license fosters a diverse range of creations.
**Common Use Cases:**
- **Education:** Widely used for educational materials, promoting open learning environments.
- **Research:** Applied to scholarly articles, accelerating the dissemination of knowledge.
**How to Use:**
1. **Share:** Share your work with the world, marking it with the CC BY 4.0 license.
2. **Attribution:** Users, when utilizing the work, must provide proper attribution to honor the original creator.
**Conclusion:**
CC BY 4.0 contributes to a more open and collaborative digital landscape. Join the movement of shared knowledge and creativity!
*For full license details, visit [Creative Commons](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).*
