Sexual Role and History of Sexual Transmitted Infection as a Risk of HIV Seroconversion among Men who have Sex with Men who Attended Bali Medika Clinic Badung, Bali
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53638/phpma.2016.v4.i1.p03Keywords:
seroconversion, MSM, VCT, sexual role, BaliAbstract
Background and purpose: HIV prevalence among men who have sex with men (MSM) increased from 5% on 2007 into 12% on 2011 in Indonesia. High risk sex behaviour was reported associated with HIV seroconversion, however reported research publication about risk factors of HIV seroconvertion among MSM is limited in Indonesia. This study aims to investigate risk factors of HIV seroconversion among MSM.
Methods: Case control study was conducted based on cohort data of MSM who repeatedly visited Bali Medika Clinic, Kuta, Badung, Bali Province between 2011-2015. HIV Seroconversion was defined as MSM with a negative HIV status at the beginning of the observation and became positive on the next visit. Data were analyzed using Kaplan Meier and logistic regression method.
Results: Median time of HIV seroconversion among MSM was 458 days or 1.2 years (IQR=224-699). Multivariate analysis showed that risk factors of HIV seroconversion were repeated STD’s experience in the last 6 months with AOR=8.33 (95%CI: 1.77-89.81); had 1 time STD’s history in last 6 months with AOR=1.91 (95%CI: 1.15-3.83); receptive sexual relationship in the last 6 months with AOR=3,45 (95%CI: 1.68-7.11); and versatile sexual relationship in the last 6 months with AOR=2.37 (95%CI: 1.09-5.13).
Conclusion: STD’s experience, receptive and versatile sexual role are risk factors of HIV seroconversion among MSM.
References
Beyrer, C, et al. Global Epidemiologi of HIV Infection in men who have sex with men. Lancet; 2012; 380:367-377.
Kemenkes RI. STBP: Surveilans Terpadu Biologis dan Perilaku Tahun 2011. Jakarta: Ditjen PP & PL Kemenkes RI; 2011.
Kemenkes RI.. STBP: Surveilans Terpadu Biologis dan Perilaku Tahun 2011. Jakarta: Ditjen PP & PL Kemenkes RI; 2007.
Kemenkes RI. Estimasi Jumlah Populasi Kunci per Provinsi Tahun 2012. Jakarta: Ditjen PP & PL Kemenkes RI; 2012.
Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Bali. Laporan Kumulatif Kasus HIV/AIDS di Provinsi Bali. Denpasar: Dinkes Provinsi Bali; 2016.
Pilcher CD, Tien HC, Eron JJ Jr, et al. 2004. Brief but efficient: acute HIV infection and the sexual transmission of HIV. J Infect Dis; 2004; 189:1785-1792.
Golden MR, Wood RW. STD/HIV Screening Guidelines for Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM). Seattle, WA: Public Health–Seattle and King County; 2005.
Koblin, BA., et al. High Prevalence of HIV infection among young men who have sex with men in New York City. AIDS; 2000;14:1793-1800.
Mimiaga, MJ, et al. Alcohol Use and HIV Sexual Risk among MSM in Chennai, India. Int J STD AIDS; 2011; 22(3):121-125.
Jin, Fengyi, et al. Anal Sexually Transmitted Infections and Risk of HIV Infection in Homosexual Men. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr; 2010; 53:144–149.
Schwarcz, Sandra, et al. Prevalence of HIV Infection and Predictors of High Transmission Sexual Risk Behaviors among Men Who Have Sex With Men. American Journal of Public Health; 2007; 97(6).
Angelica, et al. Differences in Risk Behaviors and Partnership Patterns Between Younger and Older Men Who Have Sex With Men in New York City. JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes; 2011; 58(4):417-423.
Li, Doliang, et al.HIV incidence among men who have sex with men in Beijing: a prospective cohort study. Availbale at: http://bmjopen.bmj.com/ Access: 13 December 2015 - Published by group.bmj.com
Zhou, Chao, et al. 2012. Anal Sex Role, Circumcision Status, and HIV Infection Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Chongqing, China; 2012.
Koblin, BA, et al.. Risk factors for HIV infection among men who have sex with men. AIDS; 2006, 20:731–739.
Campos, MJ, et al.. HIV incidence among MSM in Portugal as a matter of Risk Management. JAIDS; 201.
Craib KJ, Meddings DR, Strathdee SA, et al. Rectal gonorrhoea as an independent risk factor for HIV infection in a cohort of homosexual men. Genitourin Med; 1995; 71:150–154.
Liu H, Yang H, Li X, et al. Men who have sex with men and human immunodeficiency virus/sexually transmitted disease control in China. Cell Res; 2005; 15:858–864.
Pathela, et al. HIV incidence among men with and without sexually transmitted rectal infections: estimates from matching against an HIV case registry. Clinical Infectious Diseases Advance; 2013.
Lavoie, E, et al. Determinants of HIV Sero- conversion among Men Who Have Sex With Men Living in a Low HIV Incidence Population in the Era of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapie. Sexually Transmitted Diseases; 2008; 35(1):25–29.
Cunha, CB, et al. 2014. Unprotected sex among men who have sex with men living with HIV in Brazil: a cross-sectional study in Rio de Janeiro. BMC Public Health; 2014; 14:379.
Van Tieu, Hong, et al.. Anal Sex Role Segregation and Versatility Among Men Who Have Sex With Men: EXPLORE Study. JAIDS; 2013; 64:121–125.
Yang, Haitao, et al. HIV Incidence and Associated Factors in a Cohort of Men Who Have Sex With Men in Nanjing, China. Sexually Transmitted Diseases; 2010 37(4).
Choi KH, Diehl E, Guo Y, et al. High HIV risk but inadequate prevention services for men in China who have sex with men: An ethnographic study. AIDS Behav; 2002; 6:255–266
Rebecca F, et al. HIV transmission risk through anal intercourse: systematic review, meta-analysis and implications for HIV prevention. International Journal of Epidemiology; 2010; 39:1048–1063 doi: 10.1093/ije/dyq057
Hall, et al. Racial/Ethnic and Age Disparities in HIV Prevalence and Disease Progression Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in the United States. Am J Public Health; 2007; 97:1060–1066
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Ni Putu Diwyami, Anak Agung Sagung Sawitri, Dewa Nyoman Wirawan
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
**Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0)**
*Welcome to the world of open collaboration and shared creativity! The Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0) empowers creators to share their work with the world while maintaining certain rights.*
**Key Points:**
1. **Freedom to Share:** CC BY 4.0 allows creators to share their work globally, granting others the freedom to use, remix, and build upon it.
2. **Attribution Requirement:** Users can use the work for any purpose, even commercially, as long as they provide appropriate credit to the original creator.
3. **Flexibility:** Applicable to various content types—text, images, music, videos—the license fosters a diverse range of creations.
**Common Use Cases:**
- **Education:** Widely used for educational materials, promoting open learning environments.
- **Research:** Applied to scholarly articles, accelerating the dissemination of knowledge.
**How to Use:**
1. **Share:** Share your work with the world, marking it with the CC BY 4.0 license.
2. **Attribution:** Users, when utilizing the work, must provide proper attribution to honor the original creator.
**Conclusion:**
CC BY 4.0 contributes to a more open and collaborative digital landscape. Join the movement of shared knowledge and creativity!
*For full license details, visit [Creative Commons](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).*
