Why do HIV-positive pregnant women discontinue with comprehensive PMTCT services? A qualitative study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53638/phpma.2018.v6.i1.p13Keywords:
pregnant women, HIV-positive, comprehensive PMTCT, Badung, BaliAbstract
Background and purpose: Prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) is a government program aimed at preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV. A comprehensive PMTCT program involves the implementation of HIV testing up to antiretroviral (ARV) treatment for mothers with positive HIV test results. Coverage of comprehensive PMTCT remains low, with many HIV-positive pregnant women who discontinued ARV treatment. This study aims to explore the reasons of HIV-positive pregnant women to discontinue with the comprehensive PMTCT program.
Methods: A qualitative study was carried out in Badung District, Bali Province, with seven respondents: one HIV-positive pregnant woman who did not continue the ARV treatment, two HIV-positive women who gave birth the previous year and did not take ARV, three public health centre (PHC) providers, and one head of PHC. Respondents were selected using a purposive sampling technique. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and analyzed thematically. The results presented narratively to illustrate the reasons why HIV-positive pregnant women discontinued with the comprehensive PMTCT program.
Results: The emerging themes related to the reasons of HIVpositive pregnant women discontinued with the comprehensive PMTCT program included the lack of comprehensive PMTCT-related information, the lack of health provider assistance, and the high stigma towards people living with HIV (PLHIV). These barriers were affecting the willingness of HIV-positive pregnant women to continue with the program.
Conclusions: Lack of comprehensive PMTCT-related information, lack of assistance by health care providers, and high public stigma impacts upon HIV-positive pregnant women’s willingness to continue with comprehensive PMTCT program. There is a need for a minimum service standard in the implementation of comprehensive PMTCT services and comprehensive information on HIV infection in order to reduce the stigma towards PLHIV.
References
Ministry of Health of Indonesia. Kajian Epidemiologi HIV Indonesia 2016 (Epidemiological Review of HIV in Indonesia). Ministry of Health of Indonesia. Jakarta. 2017.
Ministry of Health of Indonesia. Integrasi Program PMTCT di pelayanan kesehatan ibu dan anak. Dalam: Peranan bidan dalam mendukung pencegahan penularan HIV dari ibu ke bayi (Integration of PMTCT Program into the mother and child health services. In: The roles of midwives in supporting the prevention of mother to child transmission). Ministry of Health of Indonesia. Jakarta. 2012.
The Ministry of Health of Indonesia. Rencana aksi nasional pencegahan penularan HIV dari ibu ke anak (PMTCT) Indonesia 2013-2017 (The Indonesia 2013-2017 national action plan on the prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT)). Ministry of Health of Indonesia. Jakarta. 2013.
Ministry of Health of Indonesia. Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia No. 51 Tahun 2013 tentang Pedoman Pencegahan Penularan HIV dari Ibu ke Anak (The Regulation of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia No. 51 on Guidelines for the Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission of HIV). 2013. pp: 1–43.
Bali Provincial AIDS Comission. Situasi kasus HIV/AIDS di Provinsi Bali (Current situation on HIV/AIDS in Bali). Bali Provincial AIDS Comission. 2016.
Wirawan. Kajian epidemi HIV-AIDS cenderung menurun (A review in HIV epidemic that tends to decrease). 2017.
Boyatzis, RE. Transforming qualitative information. California: SAGE Publications. 1998.
Sugiyono. Metode penelitian kuantitatif kualitatif dan R&D (Quantitative and qualitative research methods, and R&D). Bandung: Alfabeta. 2010.
The Tavistock Institute. Kurt Lewin-‘Field Theory Rule’. Available at: http://www.tavinstitute.org/projects/field-theory-rule/(2008).
Widodo. Pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku tentang kehamilan, persalinan serta komplikasinya pada ibu hamil non primigravida di RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo (Knowledge, attitude, and behavior on pregnancy, parturient and the complications among non-primigravida pregnant women at The Cipto Mangunkusumo National Central General Hospital). Majalah Kedokteran Indonesia. 2005.
Oktarina, Hanafi F, Budisuari, MA. Hubungan antara karakteristik responden, keadaan wilayah dengan pengetahuan, sikap terhadap HIV/AIDS pada masyarakat Indonesia (The association between respondents and geogra-phics characteristics with knowledge and attitude towards HIV/AIDS in Indonesia community). Buletin Penelitian Sistem Kesehat-an. 2009; 124: 362–369.
Latifah D, Mulyana N. Peran pendamping bagi orang dengan HIV/AIDS (ODHA) (The roles of buddies for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV)). In: Prosiding KS: Riset & PKM. 2014. pp: 306–311.
Homsy J, King R, Balaba D, Kabatesi, D. Traditional health practitioners are key to scaling up comprehensive care for HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa. AIDS. 2004; 18(12): 1723–1725.
Perez F, Mukotekwa T, Miller A, et al. Implementing a rural Programme of PMTCT of HIV in Zimbabwe: First 18 months of experience. Tropical Medicine and International Health. 2004; 9(7): 774–783.
Anindita M, Shaluhiyah Z. Non disclosure of HIV-positive status of women to their partner: implication for PMTCT. Jurnal Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia. 2013; 8(1): 39-48.
Wahyuni, S. Kepatuhan ibu pada kehamilan, persalinan dan nifas dalam pelaksanaan program pencegahan penularan HIV (The compliance of mothers during pregnancy, delivery and post-delivery in the prevention of HIV transmission program implementation). Jurnal Kebidanan dan Keperawatan Aisyiyah. 2016; 12(1): 38–45.
Ritzer G, Goodman DJ, Nurhadi. Teori Sosiologi : dari Teori Sosiologi Klasik sampai perkembangan mutakhir Teori Sosial Postmodern (Sociology Theory: From Classical Sociology Theory until the current development of Postmodern Social Theory). Yogyakarta: Kreasi Wacana. 2010.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Putu Emy Suryanti, Komang Ayu Kartika Sari, Pande Putu Januraga, Dinar Lubis
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
**Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0)**
*Welcome to the world of open collaboration and shared creativity! The Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0) empowers creators to share their work with the world while maintaining certain rights.*
**Key Points:**
1. **Freedom to Share:** CC BY 4.0 allows creators to share their work globally, granting others the freedom to use, remix, and build upon it.
2. **Attribution Requirement:** Users can use the work for any purpose, even commercially, as long as they provide appropriate credit to the original creator.
3. **Flexibility:** Applicable to various content types—text, images, music, videos—the license fosters a diverse range of creations.
**Common Use Cases:**
- **Education:** Widely used for educational materials, promoting open learning environments.
- **Research:** Applied to scholarly articles, accelerating the dissemination of knowledge.
**How to Use:**
1. **Share:** Share your work with the world, marking it with the CC BY 4.0 license.
2. **Attribution:** Users, when utilizing the work, must provide proper attribution to honor the original creator.
**Conclusion:**
CC BY 4.0 contributes to a more open and collaborative digital landscape. Join the movement of shared knowledge and creativity!
*For full license details, visit [Creative Commons](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).*
